Why Scientists Are Releasing Thousands of Mosquitoes in Hawaii’s Forests

In a groundbreaking effort to save Hawaii’s endangered native birds, scientists are releasing thousands of lab-raised mosquitoes into the island’s forests — not to spread disease, but to stop it.

This unusual strategy targets avian malaria, a deadly disease transmitted by invasive mosquitoes and one of the primary threats to Hawaii’s fragile bird populations. Species like the ‘i‘iwi, known for their vibrant plumage and cultural significance, are on the brink of extinction. Rising temperatures have allowed mosquitoes to survive at higher elevations, exposing bird habitats that were once safe.

“The mosquitoes being released are infected with a bacterium called Wolbachia“

The mosquitoes being released are infected with a bacterium called Wolbachia, which makes them biologically incompatible with wild females. When these lab-altered males mate, no offspring are produced — reducing future mosquito populations over time.

This biological control method has proven successful in other parts of the world and offers a targeted, environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides. Scientists hope this will be a turning point in halting bird extinctions and restoring ecological balance to Hawaii’s forests.

However, the project is not without controversy. Some locals express concerns about unintended consequences, while others see it as a bold and necessary intervention to protect Hawaii’s rich biodiversity.

The initiative, a collaboration between Hawaii’s Department of Land and Natural Resources and conservation groups, reflects the urgent need for innovative conservation tactics in a warming world.